BNY has deployed stringent return-to-office policies and shelled out negative performance reviews to reduce headcount and eliminate severance and bonus payments, terminated employees say.
In September 2025, thousands of employees across several teams were required to comply with the firm's return-to-office policy, which requires most employees to be in the office four days a week, according to sources familiar with the matter.
But the company did not offer any monetary relocation assistance, even for employees who were hired as fully remote employees, they said.
Those who were unable to move said they were treated as having effectively resigned, making them ineligible for severance and other benefits associated with an involuntary departure, the sources said.
One former employee said she was asked to relocate to a "strategic growth location" in another state. She offered to report to a nearby office instead but was told that was not an option because no senior leader in her business line was located there.
Two other employees on the same team reported similar experiences.
More than a dozen former employees, who span multiple teams across the U.S., shared similar accounts with Ignites.
A BNY spokesperson said the firm's four-day in-office policy applies firmwide and that employees are expected to report to their nearest office location.
"Maintaining a high-performing organization is critical to serving our clients and executing our strategy," a BNY spokesperson wrote in an email. "To support this, we are committed to ensuring the right people and capabilities are in place to support our business."
"BNY takes a disciplined approach to talent management, regularly evaluating performance, skills, and evolving business needs throughout the organization," the spokesperson said.
The spokesperson declined to comment on individual employment decisions but said that the company does not require workers to relocate to specific hubs.
However, at least four former employees told Ignites that relocation expectations varied by team and, in some cases, were tied to where managers or senior leaders were based.
A BNY spokesperson said that relocation requests are considered on a "case-by-case basis."
The firm also faces several lawsuits alleging irregularities in how performance evaluations were used in employment decisions and its in-office work policy.
A former BNY employee, Zhaohan Hu, alleged the firm relied on a "fabricated" performance document as a pretext for terminating him. The document included inconsistent versions of the same review and inaccurate allegations about his work, according to the complaint filed in April in New York state court.
Hu claims he was not informed of the negative review until months into the review period and that the document mistakenly listed the review cycle as continuing through 2050.
Another former employee, Gibbs Kanyongo Jr., sued BNY on May 12, alleging he was wrongfully terminated under the firm's "Working Together" attendance policy, which spelled out how many days workers had to be in the office and subjected those with repeated attendance violations to termination. He claimed he had requested a remote-work accommodation that the firm never responded to before firing him.
A BNY spokesperson said that the firm has not yet been served in this suit, but is aware of the allegations. "[We] believe they are without merit," a BNY spokesperson said. "If the case moves forward, we intend to defend ourselves vigorously."
Litigation for both suits remains pending.
Bad Reviews, Big Impact
Five former employees described to Ignites another similar pattern leading to the end of their time at BNY: unexpected negative performance ratings after years of positive reviews, with little or no warning.
"I had never received a negative performance review in nearly 20 years," one former employee said. "Then suddenly, I was told I didn't meet expectations based on minor, one-off issues."
Another former employee said written feedback in his final review praised his contributions and described his work as having a "positive impact," even though the overall rating was classified as being "below expectations."
Those classifications carried financial consequences, the former employees said.
BNY's severance plan covers involuntary terminations unrelated to performance, meaning workers labeled as underperforming may receive reduced benefits or none at all, according to sources familiar with the matter.
Former employee Laurence Steller sued BNY last November for allegedly improperly classifying his termination as being performance-related, costing him severance benefits tied to nearly three decades of service.
Steller, who worked at BNY for almost 28 years, claimed he received a lower performance rating from a manager with limited oversight of his work and was let go shortly afterward without severance.
The case was voluntarily dismissed by Steller from federal court in February. Further details of the terms were not outlined.
A voluntary dismissal can reflect a variety of endings, including settlement discussions, a plaintiff's decision to correct deficiencies and potentially refile a case, the discovery of new facts, or broader strategic considerations, and does not necessarily reflect the merits of the underlying claims, said DeMario Carswell, an attorney at Miller & Chevalier, who is not involved in the case.
Steller was responsible for generating monthly product data reports for decades, and other employees had to rebuild systems in order to collect and compile the same data following his departure, according to a sources familiar with the matter.
Restructuring at BNY
BNY has spent the past several years reorganizing operations and reducing expenses under Chief Executive Robin Vince, who stepped into the role in September 2022.
BNY has consistently reduced staffing levels over the past six quarters, regulatory filings show. The firm had 47,000 full-time employees as of March 31, the firm disclosed.
The firm disclosed in May that it had cut roughly 4,900 jobs over the prior two years, lowering headcount to its lowest level since 2010.
In January 2024, company executives said the firm aimed to keep annual expenses flat after cutting $600 million from expenses the prior year. At the time, the firm announced plans to eliminate 1,500 jobs firmwide, representing roughly 3% of its workforce.
Though expenses have seen mild increases in recent quarters, including a 5% rise, to $3.4 billion, for the first quarter of 2026, staff-related expenses, including severance payouts for terminated employees, have consistently been the largest internal spend, BNY's earnings releases show.
Executives also outlined a transition to a "platforms" operating model designed to group similar functions together and streamline operations.
In March, the bank disclosed that 66% of BNY employees were working in new office spaces, following a wave of global renovations and relocations.
Some employees attributed the push to reduce employees to broader restructuring efforts at the firm, including shifts in operating models and staffing strategies aimed at reducing costs.
Such approaches can create risk if not handled consistently, said Rebecca Trotsky, chief people officer at HrAcuity.
Companies tightening performance management or requiring relocation during restructuring need to apply policies transparently and provide clear documentation, or risk hurting employee relations and potential legal challenges, she said.
Performance-based terminations and departures tied to in-office requirements can also help companies remain below thresholds that trigger WARN Act notice requirements, Trotsky said.
"By doing these waves of 'layoffs' or 'terminations,' the company is effectively skirting having to file a WARN notice," one former employee said.
Under the federal WARN Act, employers generally must provide at least 60 days' advance notice before a plant closing or mass layoff affecting a certain number of workers.
The law typically applies to employers with 100 or more full-time employees and is triggered when layoffs affect at least 50 workers at a single site of employment during a 30-day period.
Relocation requirements without support, such as moving expenses and flexibility, can be perceived as a way to prompt voluntary departures, Trotsky said.
In the past five years, BNY has filed only one WARN notice, which reflected a loss of 62 staffers in New Jersey in early 2024, according to an Ignites review of such filings.
'It's How They're Doing It'
The timing of separations added insult to the injury of unexpected job loss, five former employees told Ignites. They said they were notified of job termination late in the year, making them ineligible for annual bonus payouts.
The experiences reflect a broader shift across the financial industry, where firms are adjusting workplace policies and staffing models in the post-pandemic environment to reflect a full return to office, Trotsky said. Overhiring of remote employees during the pandemic and subsequent staff cuts have been a topic of consideration for many asset managers, she said.
BNY employees said the way those staff cuts and reorganization measures were implemented has raised questions about fairness and dampened morale within the firm.
"It's not the fact that jobs are being cut," one former employee said. "It's how they're doing it."