In order to understand the chain of events that have caused Windstream’s current predicament, one must address the recent history of the company; specifically years 2010-2011.
In 2009, Windstream was a relatively healthy company with roughly 7.7b in liabilities, but close to 1b in free cash flow. In 2010-2011, however, Windstream decided to take a bite of the managed services domain by purchasing four companies - Paetec, IowaTelecom, KDL, and Nuvox at a price tag of roughly 5b. By 2012, the company's liabilities exceeded 15b year over year. This - along with several decisions in an attempt to “right the ship” - set Windstream on a negative financial trajectory.
From a financial standpoint, these acquisitions were an incredibly reckless decision. From an engineering standpoint, integrating these four entities under one functional network was disastrous. Customers who were previously Paetec - for example - reported that network reliability had plummeted. Whatever revenue and profit these companies had brought to the table for Windstream slowly depreciated with time.
From a financial perspective, Windstream bit off more than it could chew. Combining four standalone companies decreased free cash flow by roughly 200 million by 2010. By 2015, Windstream had posted a roughly 30m loss. To understand the negative returns on this investment, however, one must consider the mountain of work that had to be done to integrate these five networks together.
From an engineering perspective, integration was reliant on two things: Time and design. Shortly after 2012, the financial outlook of the company was stark. The reliability of the network became strained due to sloppy integration; with nationwide outages occurring multiple times per year and an already bandwidth starved network being pushed beyond its’ capabilities. The end result was a dejected customer base who began looking for alternatives. Despite losing revenues and profits year over year due to a wide array of internal issues, the final blow was a new technology that was changing the face of the WAN: Cloud based networking.
If you are still an employee at Windstream, understand that managed services is still a huge market. Get yourself certified, and move on. Windstream - despite all the financial engineering in the world - will not survive this.