2hnh. You are correct in that proprietary cloud is limited, (think business to business) BUT that is where IBM is headed. Amazon, Google, and Microsoft have taken the Intel market (think Business to public) already. Their lead is so far ahead, that IBM has stopped running to chase them. IBM is now trying to exploit System Z (mostly) and some AI/cognitive (Power) to find a niche. That Niche is built around Legacy/proprietary OS’s and HW. As such IBM has adopted a fortune 250 strategy (think Z) with AI/Cognative offerings built around Business to business. That’s their strategy, and marketing pitch to their BIG legacy customers. (Eg we know your business and systems better than anyone, and we have NICHE offerings in the Business to business market place,that Amazon, Google, and Microsoft have never even considered). SO how do they exploit it. They go back to a rental model (as a service) and tell their customers “why switch” when we can run it for you in our cloud at a lower cost. Everyone says legacy is shrinking. That depends on how you define legacy. If it’s just System Z and very large Power installs, then Not really. Legacy is moving to as a service and that means an annunity stream vs a OTC sell. Short term that hurts revenue big time, but long term, you lock in you big customers that you can then sell “NICHE” AI/cognative offerings to, and other “new” SW (think LINUX) offerings to. The goal of IBM management is to stop the bleed of the big fortune 250 customers. All of the other customers (Small and medium) AIX and OS/400 customers have been thrown to the channel, and they are in the process of upgrading or migrating. All of the SMB customers (think Intel) were abandoned when IBM sold to Lenovo. As I said IBM has a fortune 250 strategy. Think preserve Z and use that relationship to sell “Niche” AI/Cognative (Power) offerings and to sell “Niche” LINUX offerings on Power and Intel. That’s their way forward. Will it work??? Most likely YES, BUT IBM is going to have to shrink a LOT, and partner with some Niche application (LINUX) partners