The list of notable IBM stumbles since 2012 is too long to list in this article. But on a big picture
level, here are a few major ones:
1. IBM's massive software operations have grown more slowly than an enterprise software
market that has seen healthy growth amid a secular shift towards cloud/SaaS offerings.
2. IBM's also-massive IT services and outsourcing operations have struggled to grow, losing share
to the likes of Accenture (ACN) and Infosys (INFY) .
3. The adoption of Amazon Web Services (AWS), Microsoft Azure and other public cloud platforms
has directly or indirectly weighed on numerous IBM hardware, software and services businesses.
And though IBM spent $2 billion back in 2013 to buy web hosting and cloud infrastructure
provider SoftLayer, it has remained a second-tier player in the cloud infrastructure space.
4. IBM has made several dozen acquisitions during the Rometty era, and – while it's possible that
the recent, $34 billion, Red Hat acquisition works out – the company has thus far failed to get a
sufficient return for all of this spending, judging by how its sales and profits have trended for
various businesses that the acquisitions were meant to strengthen.
https://realmoney.thestreet.com/investing/technology/ibm-new-ceo-will-need-to-change-culture-to-ignite-a-turnaround-15226105