Here's a hint, SS...
https://academic.oup.com/rfs/article-abstract/33/9/4024/5602331?redirectedFrom=fulltext
2 replies (most recent on top)
You can download it here...https://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=3371413
That abstract is worded a little weird towards the end, but from what I understand, the outcome is worse. Less transparency, less value for students, and higher cost. Do you have the full paper? I think it’s behind a pay wall.