Dhahran exceeds 6 times the recommended values of PM2.5
How Does Particulate Matter Impact Your Health?
Particulate matter is a significant health concern (it’s an air pollutant, after all!). To discuss the full wellness implications of particulate matter, we need to split up PM10 and PM2.5.
PM10 health effects
Despite being larger of the two PM categories, PM10 is still quite small (less than one-tenth the width of a human hair!). As you inhale these particles, PM10 can irritate your nose and throat tissue, triggering allergic reactions. Once these particles get into your lungs, PM10 further irritates the lung tissue and can prompt asthma attacks. Additional conditions include:
Stroke, high blood pressure, and heart attack
Increased risk of lung cancer
Reduced lung development
Bronchitis
Premature death
PM2.5 health effects
PM2.5 poses an even greater danger to your health. One of the reasons scientists study PM2.5 separately from PM10 (even though PM2.5 is technically counted as PM10) is because of a special property of PM2.5. Unlike PM10, PM2.5 can not only enter your lungs but also permeate your bloodstream. PM10 particles get stuck higher up in your respiratory track and can't penetrate deep into your body, as PM2.5 does. PM2.5 can flow to other parts of your body like your brain and heart.
As PM2.5 enters different organs in your body, it causes inflammation and damage. For this reason, PM2.5 contributes to the same conditions as PM10 and additional ones like:
Respiratory disease
Reduced immune response
Congenital disabilities
Diabetes
Reduced brain white matter